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Camptothecin is a hydrophobic alkaloid. Apart from DMSO, the following solvents can be selected based on the experimental scenario:
Polar aprotic solvents: N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), with a similar solubility to DMSO, suitable for organic synthesis reaction systems.
Aprotic solvents: Methanol, with slightly lower solubility, suitable for the extraction and purification of camptothecin or low-concentration administration systems.
Halogenated hydrocarbon solvents: Dichloromethane, with good solubility, often used for extraction and separation operations of camptothecin.
Ester solvents: Ethyl acetate, suitable as a column chromatography eluent, used for product separation and purification.
Mixed solvents: DMSO - ethanol (volume ratio 1:1), balancing solubility and toxicity control, suitable for formulation development.
