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Article Information
Diabetic wound healing is hindered by high blood sugar and bacterial infection. Traditional nanozyme dressings are limited by their glucose-dependent ROS production, resulting in a significant reduction in post-treatment antibacterial efficacy. Recently, a new solution was presented in the latest research published in "Cell Biomaterials" - the research team designed a C@M heterojunction composite GC@M microneedle system, which achieves efficient repair of diabetic damaged wounds through a ROS-mediated "double blow" strategy, providing a highly promising new direction for clinical treatment.
Key Analysis
1. Research Background: Clinical challenges in diabetic wound healing
2. Diabetes, as a widespread chronic non-communicable disease worldwide, has affected over 820 million adults in 2022. Among them, more than 25% of patients develop diabetic-related skin wounds. These chronic wounds, due to persistent high blood sugar, repeated bacterial infections, and stubborn formation of biofilms, create a vicious cycle of "high sugar - microbial colonization - immune impairment", severely hindering the normal healing process.
3. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent an effective strategy for antibacterial and anti-biofilm actions. However, the ROS generation in traditional GOx mimetic nanomaterials is highly dependent on glucose: as the glucose concentration decreases in the later stage of wound healing, the ROS level drops sharply, significantly reducing the antibacterial and regenerative effects. Moreover, a single ROS generation pathway is difficult to match the dynamic changes of the wound microenvironment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable and stage-adaptive ROS generation strategies.
4. Core Innovation: C@M Heterojunction + "Dual-Strike" ROS Generation Strategy
5. The research team first proposed the "double-hit" strategy mediated by ROS, combining the catalytic effect of GOx-like nanoenzymes with the Fenton reaction to achieve continuous generation of ROS at different healing stages:
6. Early (High Glucose Phase): Glucose oxidase (GOx) is the main source of reactive oxygen species. It efficiently catalyzes the reaction in the high glucose environment of the wound, while consuming glucose to lower the local blood sugar level.
7. Mid-to-late stage (low sugar phase): The Fenton reaction continues to maintain ROS production, breaking free from glucose dependence and maintaining its antibacterial effect continuously.
8. To achieve this strategy, the team constructed a CNOH/MXene (C@M) heterojunction: Ti₃C₂ quantum dots were anchored on the alkalized g-C₃N₄ (CNOH) nanosheets. This heterojunction possesses both near-infrared activated GOx-like enzyme activity and Ti-mediated Fenton reaction activity. It forms a stable structure through electrostatic self-assembly, effectively promoting the separation of photogenerated carriers and enhancing the catalytic performance.
Paper link (DOI): 10.1016/j.celbio.2025.100248
