Bacterial infection is the second leading cause of death in the 21st century, and 80% of bacterial infections are accompanied by the formation of biofilms. The extracellular polymeric matrix EPS of bacterial biofilms includes polysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and enzymes, which prevent the entry of antibiotics and confer resistance to antibiotics. Methods to disrupt bacterial biofilms include chemical methods such as enzymes that degrade EPS; antibiotics and bacterial quorum sensing inhibitors, and physical methods such as phototherapy, ultrasound, and magneto-electric. However, these methods have many side effects. This paper constructs a probiotic hybrid nanoparticle for the purpose of first disrupting the biofilm and then killing bacteria through phototherapy. Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG can utilize various polysaccharides in the EPS as metabolic raw materials to produce lactic acid, thereby disrupting the EPS; the galactosidase produced by LGG can also degrade the EPS. The surface of LGG is modified with MXene (Ti3C2), which can absorb near-infrared light to generate ROS. The final material is LGG surface modified with Ti3C2, FeS, and magnesium lactate LOX. LGG first increases its permeability to the biofilm by "eating" it, and the produced lactic acid and LOX react to generate hydrogen peroxide, which reacts with iron ions to generate ROS, killing bacteria; in addition, Ti3C2 can also activate phototherapy to generate ROS and kill bacteria. While disrupting the bacterial biofilm, this probiotic hybrid material can enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes and inhibit the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway, thereby enhancing wound healing.

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Repost：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_2b5TqRbyIEp88h0skiXcg