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This work by Cheng Chong, Chen Tian, and Liu Zhi from Sichuan University proposes a high-entropy alloy (HEA) Janus artificial enzyme as a novel platform for anti-resistant bacteria and tissue repair therapy. The core innovation lies in integrating "bactericidal" and "repair" - two conflicting processes in terms of time and chemical conditions - into the same nanomaterial and enabling pH self-switching. The authors constructed HEA nanoparticles using five metal elements (Pt–Fe–Cu–Co–Ni) and precisely controlled the d-band center through multi-metal synergy, enabling strong oxidase/overoxidase-like activity in acidic and infection microenvironments, rapidly generating bactericidal ROS and efficiently eliminating MRSA and its biofilms. In the infection alleviation and pH near-neutral repair stage, the material automatically switches to SOD/CAT-like antioxidant mode, eliminating excessive ROS, protecting endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells, and avoiding "excessive oxidative damage". More importantly, this pH-gated sequential redox regulation not only achieves antibiotic-independent bactericidal but also guides macrophages to polarize from M1 to M2 at the immune level, inhibiting persistent inflammation, promoting angiogenesis and matrix remodeling. In the chronic wound model of MRSA infection, this platform achieved a synergistic effect of rapid bacterial clearance + accelerated healing. Overall, this is a typical "environment-adaptive artificial enzyme" biomaterial concept, providing a unified solution for resistant infections and chronic inflammation repair. The related research was published in Nature Communications as "High-Entropy Alloy Janus Artificial Enzymes for pH-Gated Sequential Redox Therapy of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection".
Original link:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-68020-9
